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SPSS Guide
How to Read SPSS ANOVA Output — One-Way ANOVA Step by Step
Learn to read the SPSS One-Way ANOVA table: Levene's homogeneity test, F, df, Sig., why .000 means p < .001, computing eta-squared, and reading Tukey post-hoc comparisons. With APA-7 write-up.
📊 F(2,12) = 36.24, p < .001, η² = .86 | ابدأ بـ Levene
Step-by-step solution
💻 27 · How to Read SPSS ANOVA Output — Step by Step
Interpreting the SPSS One-Way ANOVA Output Table
SPSS Guide
Research Question:
A researcher compared exam scores across three teaching methods (n = 5 each). SPSS produced a Test of Homogeneity of Variances table and an ANOVA table. How do you read them, and what do you report?
| Source | Sum of Squares | df | Mean Square | F | Sig. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Between Groups | 613.73 | 2 | 306.87 | 36.24 | .000 |
| Within Groups | 101.60 | 12 | 8.47 | ||
| Total | 715.33 | 14 |
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1Step 1 — Check Levene's Test of Homogeneity first: SPSS shows a separate 'Test of Homogeneity of Variances' table. If Levene's Sig. > .05, equal variances are assumed and the standard ANOVA table is valid. If Sig. < .05, report Welch's ANOVA instead (SPSS: 'Robust Tests of Equality of Means').
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2Step 2 — Read F and its Sig.: F(2, 12) = 36.24, Sig. = .000. SPSS prints .000, which means p < .001 — never write 'p = .000', write 'p < .001'. Since it is below .05, the group means differ significantly.
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3Step 3 — Compute η² (SPSS does not show it by default):
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4Step 4 — Look at Post-Hoc (Tukey) to locate the differences: The ANOVA only tells you a difference exists somewhere. Read the 'Multiple Comparisons' (Tukey HSD) table: any pair with Sig. < .05 differs significantly.
36.24
F(2,12)
<.001
p (from .000)
0.858
η²
🔴 Significant — F(2,12) = 36.24, p < .001, η² = .86 (large). Report exactly as p < .001, never p = .000.
APA-7
A one-way ANOVA showed a significant effect of teaching method on exam scores, F(2, 12) = 36.24, p < .001, η² = .86. (Note: SPSS reported Sig. = .000, which is reported as p < .001.)